January: Financial Wellness Month

New Years resolutions pass beyond the gyms, weight losses, dry January, forgiveness, and dedications to trying new things. January is Financial Wellness Month, and there are 5 goals you should take into this new year.

Invest in yourself – people like to talk about budgeting and savings. While those things are important, raising your income potential can be even more impactful. So, if you are looking to move up the ladder, start your own business, or grow your business, remember to invest in yourself. That can be in further education, buying a book, listening to a podcast, taking a class and getting a designation or specialty, hiring a coach or mentor, or even taking a well needed break to think, exercise, and refresh those brain cells.
Money doesn’t buy you happiness, but financial security surely brings a different level of peace into your life. Do the planning to determine what steps you need to make to become financially independent. If it is complex financial software with an advisor, or an excel spreadsheet in your pajamas, little planning is better than no planning. Do this at least once every year to keep on track with your financial independence goals!
Dollar Cost Average into your savings and Up your contributions. If it is to savings, 401k, or education, January is the time to up your monthly contributions to take advantage of moving markets. When you put a fixed amount into investments over periods of time, we call that dollar cost averaging. Meaning you are averaging the cost you buy into an investment by purchasing at different prices as opposed to trying to time the market. This is a proven method that helps novice investors to the sophisticated investors succeed over time. If you have been doing this, up your contributions by 5%, 20%, 100%, whatever you feel you can comfortably add to your savings to stay consistent and not feel the pinch of being short on money
Pay off your credit cards because interest rates are high! While we know credit card rates are generally high interest rate instruments, now that interest rates have risen they have risen too! We like using credit when credit can be managed within your budget. Buy now and pay later can cost you money that should be going into your savings and upping your contributions.
Pay attention to your cash! If you have cash that isn’t either sitting in a high yield checking, money market account, or is being dollar cost averaged into investments, you are doing your quest for financial independence an injustice and are taking the local train 20 stops as opposed to 4 stops on the express train.

“Follow these rules you’ll have mad bread to break up”

-Notorious BIG

For more financial fun – sign up for our webinar, The Investment Committee, every 3rd Thursday of the month at https://greenridgeweal.wpenginepowered.com/events-calendar/

Secure Act 2.0 - What you need to know.

As we go into the end of the year, it is important to know what changes lie ahead so that your plan is up to date and the appropriate adjustments can be made. Below you can click on the provision to bring you to the area in the Act that is referenced.

Provision	Details	Benefit
Starter 401(k) plans	Employers can offer a deferral-only "starter" 401(k) that automatically enrolls all eligible employees at a deferral rate of at least 3%, but no more than 15%. The deferral limit is the same as the IRA limit: $7,000 for 2024; $8,000 for those age 50 and older.	This is a simple way for small employers to set up a retirement plan for their employees that’s an alternative to state-mandated savings plans.
529 account beneficiaries can roll over money from a 529 into a Roth IRA	The beneficiary of a 529 plan can roll over money from a 529 into a Roth IRA account in their name. At the time of the distribution, the 529 must have been open for a minimum of 15 years, and the amount that’s rolled over to a Roth IRA must have been in the 529 account for at least five years. The rollover amount is limited to a lifetime total of $35,000 and is subject to the annual IRA limit ($7,000 for 2024; $8,000 for people 50 and older).1	This allows unused money in a 529 plan to be rolled over to a Roth IRA where withdrawals are tax-free. This creates a new way to benefit 529 account beneficiaries and helps reduce anxiety about unused money in a 529 account.
Retirement Plan Matching Contributions for Student-Loan Repayments	Employers can treat participant’s student-loan payments as an employee elective deferral for the purpose of a matching contribution to the retirement plan. These matching contributions must be made available to all participants eligible for a matching contribution.	This benefits employees who may not be able to save for retirement because they’re focused on paying down student debt. This allows them to pay down their student debt without forfeiting retirement plan contributions.
Penalty-free withdrawals for emergencies	Early distributions from 401(k) plans aren’t subject to a 10% penalty if used for immediate financial needs due to personal or family emergency expenses. A distribution of up to $1,000 is permissible once per calendar year. The participant has the option to repay the distribution within 3 years, and additional emergency distributions aren’t permissible during this period unless repayment occurs.	This gives participants penalty-free access to their money to help pay for unforeseen emergency expenses.
Penalty-free withdrawals for victims of domestic abuse	Participants who self-certify that they experienced domestic abuse can withdraw the lesser of $10,000 (indexed for inflation) or 50% of the participant’s account. This distribution is not subject to the 10% penalty for early distributions. The participant has the opportunity to repay this withdrawn amount over 3 years, and they will be refunded any income taxes on the repaid money.	This gives domestic-abuse survivors penalty-free access to their retirement account to help pay for expenses such as escaping an unsafe situation.

Santa Rally?

Last month, our commentary focused on how pessimistic outlooks had missed some of the positives in the economy and market. What followed was a manic rise in the markets in the month of November.

November and December are historically strong months. Sometimes dubbed “the Santa rally”, we tend to see stocks drift higher into the end of the year. This is not always the case, but with some big technical reversals in the markets in the last 2 months, odds favor a rally into the new year.

One important reversal to be aware of is in the 10-year Treasury Bond. Considered a benchmark for prevailing rates, the 10-year yield started the month at over 4.9% and ended the month close to 4.3%. That is a big decline in interest rates in a very short time!

While some of the data supports the decline in interest rates, the size of the decline is probably better described by the market's persistence on the Federal Reserve to cut interest rates in 2024, and cut them significantly! This is a reasonable assumption if we were to remove politics and sentiment from the equation; but when have politics and sentiment not been a factor!?!? The more likely outcome is that the Federal Reserve will cut rates later than they should, just like they resisted raising rates until inflation had taken a strong hold. It is likely that they will need to see either inflation below their 2% target or a significant change in the labor market and GDP growth to budge from their current interest rate target. While they may be late to cut, it also seems that the chances of another hike are remote.

“Be curious, not judgemental.” – Ted Lasso

While predicting interest rates can be fun and make for good cocktail conversation, we encourage investors to spend more time being observant. With such incredible outperformance of the top 7 largest technology stocks this year, it begs the question if that fantastic run can continue. January will be an interesting month to watch, and will likely indicate if there is going to be leadership change. Will the other 493 stocks in the S&P 500 catch up? The first month of 2024 will give a strong hint of whether or not that will be the case as institutional investors will certainly be making positioning changes. No need to guess or predict what they will do, as their ships turn slow. We will get a glimpse in January where they want to steer the boat, and our more nimble schooners can change course and pull ahead.

But enough of all this market talk and worry about the year to come. Tis the season!

Green Ridge Wealth Planning Welcomes Jessica Lascar as Director of Marketing & Communications and Amy Early as Executive Assistant

October 25, 2023 (Montville, NJ) - Green Ridge Wealth Planning, a financial planning and investment management fiduciary, has hired Jessica Lascar as Director of Marketing & Communications and Amy Early as Executive Assistant.

Lascar joins GRWP after a hiatus from her marketing and public relations career to raise her children. Previously, she served as Public Relations Manager for Bloomingdale’s and Senior Account Executive at MWW Group (now Mike World Wide). Jessica graduated from Lehigh University with a B.A. in Journalism with a Public Relations Concentration. She will be responsible for the firm’s internal and external communications as well as promoting the business to key stakeholders.

“I’ve known Bobby personally for many years, and jumped at the opportunity to work with him,” said Lascar. "He’s a true entrepreneur and watching him grow his business from its infancy has been nothing short of inspiring. I look forward accompanying the GRWP team on its continued growth.”
Early joins GRWP after a long career with Wyndham Hotels and Resorts, first serving as a Global Sales Coordinator and most recently as Executive Assistant. Amy will assist the team with client scheduling and ensuring the executive team’s time is managed efficiently.

“Green Ridge has grown exponentially. Our client base, and depth and breadth of services have been getting increasingly robust,” said Robert J. Mascia, founder and CEO of Green Ridge Wealth Planning. “Developing a team of smart, capable, and motivated people is essential to helping us realize our vision without deviating from the outstanding service we provide to our clients at every touchpoint.”

About Green Ridge Wealth Planning

Green Ridge Wealth Planning (GRWP), based in Montville, NJ, is a financial planning and investment management firm specializing in serving businesses owners, as well as individuals and clients with complex needs. As a fiduciary, the team has a legal and ethical obligation to place clients’ interests above its own. GRWP prides itself on its wealth of financial expertise, creative money management strategies, accessibility, transparency, integrity, and its culture of caring and empathy for clients and employees alike. With carefully vetted partners, including mortgage professionals, tax advisors, estate planning specialists and business strategists, GRWP can offer clients a comprehensive suite of services.

About Robert Mascia

Robert Mascia, CEO and Founder of Green Ridge Wealth Planning, is a serial entrepreneur with a unique background working both on Wall Street and as an owner of several successful businesses. Robert knew he was uniquely poised to share with business owners and entrepreneurs a wealth of financial know-how from his years of first-hand experience running businesses. That insight, combined with his love of finance, drove him to found GRWP in 2016. Today GRWP offers business owners, individuals and families a boutique, highly-personalized financial planning and investment management experience. Bobby has built a team that shares his vision and passion for excellence. The result? A growing business where clients trust the team to guide them through life’s financial complexities so that they can live their best lives.

October Commentary 2023

Why does it feel like we keep talking about the same stuff? Because the lead news and narrative remain unchanged. Why should we care? Well, because as news and variables change, we need to make sure we are digesting said news and turning it into advice for positioning portfolios. Main points to be considered:

Inflation is bad
High interest rates to borrow stinks, but to save is attractive
Stay conscious of your reentry into the markets, because timing them is a fool’s errand
Don’t get too sucked into high earnings rates as they also create idiosyncrasies in the equities market that should be capitalized on.

“If landing on the moon wasn’t dramatic enough, why should not landing on it be?” – Apollo 13

What is a soft landing? Why have economists and market experts been talking about this “hard landing” or “soft landing” ad nauseum? What the heck is going on?!?

With the Federal Reserve fighting inflation with one of the most dramatic interest-rate cycles in history, the greatest concern was the havoc that higher rates would have on the economy. In fact, more than 70% of economists were predicting a recession in either late 2022 or early 2023. And yet, no recession has been announced. Here we are, three quarters of the way through 2023, the jobs market is still strong, inflation has come down (although remains high; more on that later), and the economy seems to be trudging along. For those obsessed with aeronautics, we might call this a soft landing. We certainly would not call it a crash landing, as many were predicting (cough, cough, Michael Burry).

Even though the environment has proven to be more resilient than most forecasted, the horizon is far from clear. Oil has surged back above 90 dollars a barrel, Congress threatens another government shutdown, the consumer is showing signs of fatigue, the jobs market shows strength, but hours worked tells a more troubling story, and many economists warn that the effects of higher interest rates has yet to have its full economic impact.

That’s a lot to worry about! But it’s not all bad news. Let’s look at the bright side, when interest rates are higher, investors’ fixed-income yields are also higher. Some Money Markets are currently yielding north of 5%, an incredible return for the lowest segment of risk. That makes for a reasonable parking spot when investing discomfort sets in.

When you have a high rate of return on cash, it usually translates to a high rate of return on other assets. This is one of the positive impacts of shockingly-high inflation. It’s easy to focus on the immediate results of high inflation, but let’s not forget about the amazing returns that result after that high inflation dissipates.

In the last 120 years, we have had three periods of high inflation. The first was during World War I, and the aftermath was the Roaring Twenties. The second was during World War II, and the aftermath was the Industrial Revolution during the 1950’s. The third was between 1970 to 1983, and while the cause of the inflation ranged, the 15 years after that inflation brought annualized market returns of over 14%. High inflation doesn’t necessarily cause high returns, but it causes innovation and productivity improvements that feed the next big wave of gains in the market.

So, while cash may offer an attractive return, don’t get too comfortable sitting there for too long. There may be great returns ahead once inflation tamps down and all the amazing innovation that we are seeing matures and delivers a positive impact!

Sources: Bloomberg (annual Inflation Rate) Macrotrends (S&P500 10yr Annualized Rolling Returns)

Sincerely,

Bobby, Jordan, and team

Roth IRA Versus Traditional IRA, Which is Right for You?

3 things to consider when deciding between a Roth IRA, Traditional IRA and a Roth Conversion

When planning not to run out of money in retirement, there is a lot more to consider than the current year’s tax deduction, which is the most common method for people preparing for retirement.

What are the vehicles and how do they work?

Individuals who are determining how invest for retirement are often proposed 2 options: Roth or Traditional Retirement Accounts. These 2 options usually come to the forefront of retirement planning because of the tax incentives that are associated with each. In this blog I will address the 2 types, a loophole in the IRS code, as well as the 3 things to consider when trying to determine the right option for you and your plan.

What is the difference between ROTH and Traditional?

When discussing both types of accounts, we must identify that these accounts can be either in a employee sponsored 401k or an Individual Retirement Account (IRA). The basic tax benefits are the same with a few slight differences in contribution limits as well as the 401k not having income limitations like the IRA. If making the decision in a 401k, although some of the nuances are different, the tax rules and considerations are the same.

ROTH is an account that is available to US taxpayers to help them ready for retirement. There are some basic differences that the ROTH has versus the traditional.

ROTH accounts have tax free benefits, unlike its Traditional counterpart. With the ROTH, the participant takes dollars in which they earned in the current year and contributes those dollars after tax to a retirement account. Those dollars can then be invested, most often using stocks, bonds or funds and grow tax free. Here you pay the taxes today for tax free distributions in the future.
The ROTH has income limitations when in an IRA (when in a 401k there are no income limitations). For a single person, the limit is $137,000 in gross income for the year 2020. For a married tax filer, the total household income cannot be more than $207,000 in 2020. If you make more that those amounts, you will be unable to contribute to a ROTH IRA. If you do not qualify because your income is too high, you may find benefit in a ROTH conversion, or a loophole in the IRA rules (see conversion).

Traditional IRA is also an account that is available to US taxpayers as an alternate way to prepare for retirement. Traditional IRA’s are treated differently by the IRS than its ROTH counterpart.

Traditional IRA’s are accounts in which the participant will contribute for retirement in an account that is tax-deferred. The idea is that any contributions that you make in the current year will be reduced from your income on your tax filing for the year of contribution, thereby lowering the amount of income you have to pay taxes on for that year.
Income limitations are a bit different from the ROTH. With the IRA, if you or your spouse have an employer plan available, the participant will phase out from being able to take a deduction, ultimately leading to no real benefit. Most individuals that have an employer-based plan cannot contribute to both plans, regardless if income. If there is no employer plan, there is a full deduction up to your limitations. See www.irs.gov for the different rules based upon how you file your taxes.

For both plans, they follow the same contribution limits. The maximum annual contribution for 2020 is $6000. There is a special catch-up contribution that you can make if you are over the age of 50 in the amount of $1000, totaling $7000 for individuals over 50 years of age. until the participant reaches the age 59 ½.

NOW - What are the 3 things to consider when choosing which is right for you

1. Longevity – Taxes is the biggest wealth killer in your plan. So you may have to use more than you think you will, especially if taxes are higher in the future. Given the deficit and all that is going on with COVID-19, do you feel taxes will be higher, the same, or lower in the future? Before we get into forecasting, let’s take a look at how taxes work on the money you earn, in a very basic format. We have a tiered tax system, meaning that your tax rate changes as you go up in tax brackets. If we look at 2020 tax brackets on that money, if you make $200,000, then your taxes will look something like this if you file married:

$0-$19,750 @ 10%

$19,751-$80,250 @ 12%

$80,250- $171,050 @22%

$171,050 - $200,000 @ 22%

What that means is you pay a different rate as you go up in earnings, you don’t just jump up to 22% on all $200,000. When you look at retirement, if you need to have $200,000 in order to pay your lifestyle, how do you get that money? If you are taking social security plus all tax deferred retirement accounts, all of your income is taxable, and you have to take more out on an annual basis than you thought.

But what if you had another account, like a ROTH. That leads us to…..

2. Weighting - How much you currently rely on your tax deferred dollars? In the above example, what if you could save the 22% on the $28,950 (200,000-$171,050) on an assumed distribution in 2020? Then in retirement, you have to pull out $6,369 (the 22% taxes on $28,950) less that can stay in your tax deferred account. Those are the dollars that we want to pull out in the lowest brackets, saving you on taxes. If you are contributing to a retirement account, these tax brackets play a huge role in how much to contribute to a traditional account.

A different way of looking planning which retirement account to contribute to is to consider the future possible tax rates. If we are at 22% on those dollars in 2020, what if rates go back to the year 2000’s tax brackets. If you take a 22% break today, to pay a future rate that mimics 2000, then your tax bracket would be $132,000-$200,000 @ 36% tax rate. That’s 14% additional in taxes. Perhaps taking the break today in the current environment may not be as beneficial as you thought? The good news and bad news……the current tax rates are due to sunset in 2025, meaning in 2026 we go back to the same brackets in 2015 or a new tax bracket based upon that future administration. Good news is to take advantage of the low taxes today, bad news is that those rates are not here forever. In the future, taking the deduction may be more appealing. So how can we contribute to a ROTH IRA considering above you had mentioned we cannot if we make too much money?

ROTH Conversion – The IRS has a loophole that allows you to take existing IRA dollars and convert them into a ROTH account, paying the taxes today for future tax-free distributions. Something that you should consult your financial advisor and tax advisor to see if it makes sense for your plan.

3. Inheritance – The SECURE Act was passed in December of 2019 and changed the inheritance rules around IRA’s. (Currently, and in the past, the spouse can inherit the IRA and use it as though it is theirs, so this does not apply to a spousal inheritance). In the past, a beneficiary, or the person that inherits the IRA, could take distributions based upon their life expectancy, depending on how old the decedent was at time of death. This was called a stretch-IRA, which allowed the beneficiary to draw down dollars under circumstances that could be more tax advantageous than their other 2 options; draw down in 5 years or take in one lump sum. Under the current rules, a beneficiaries longest stretch option is only up to 10 years to take the distributions to bring the account to $0. If that is a child with an already high income, those dollars get added to their current income level, possibly giving more to the IRS and less to that beneficiary. From an inheritance standpoint, tax deferred dollars are the worst to leave behind.

There is a lot to take into consideration when planning for retirement. If you have any questions on how to plan for your retirement, please reach out to schedule a free consultation with Bobby. If we are a fit for one another, we can help you to determine a map through your retirement to help you meet all of your goals and make your dream retirement a reality.

2023 Mid-Year Commentary

5 Things to know about the Market at mid-year:

The S&P is up over 13% midway through the year after being down 20% in 2022. We believe the market is forward pricing, not backward looking, so expectations are improved.
Inflation has improved, and there will be a lag of how this quick rate rise will ultimately play out. However, this is a well expected pause for the Fed on raises.
Recession fears are tough to agree with given the strong labor market and consumer strength. AI (artificial intelligence) is all the big buzz. We anticipate this as a positive for the job market, not as a damper.
There is still a ton of cash on the sidelines and the consumer has buying power.
China and Russia are concerns, but geopolitics will forever be a concern as long as there is an economic race to win. We must play the game knowing that rule.

Our industry tends to create optimists (bulls) or pessimists (bears). Both are looking for opportunity in one direction or the other. The bulls are more often right, as we have more up markets then down. However, when we have a down year, like 2022, the bears can make a lot of noise. As we always say, fear sells, so if you want to stay engaged with fear, keep watching cable news. However, it is tough to contend with the fact that this year is off to a tremendous start as we close in on halftime. The S&P 500 is up over 13% as we write this, inflation is coming down, and all of this is in the face of bank failures, debt ceilings, and recession fears.

While sometimes people confuse the market for a reflection of how the economy is doing, it is really a reflection on the expectations of investors. At the beginning of the year, investors expected the economy to be in deep recession by now, and that did not come to fruition. Everyone got a bit too pessimistic, and the rally has been the product of those investors being forced to revise their pessimism to a more optimistic view.

We may still have a recession later this year, but the rally has helped shift eyes from worrying about lower lows to thinking we might see higher highs. This is part of the reason we continue to be optimistic about the market looking forward. Many investors looked at cash yielding over 4.5% at the end of last year and felt that was the best place to be. Of course, fear and greed play a powerful role in the direction of the market, and right now a lot of professional investors are fearful that the market will hit higher levels and they will be left out as they sit in cash.

We were not as tempted as others to shift into high yielding money markets last year. We saw too much opportunity in investments that had much better long term return prospects. We felt strongly that large, cash generating technology stocks had been unfairly punished by inflation concerns, and we now see those stocks leading the market higher with a focus on cost reduction and exciting innovations in many areas such as artificial intelligence.

We also saw fixed income investments that offered returns in excess of 10%, and we have high confidence that they will pay their yields and return their principal. We remember people asking about money market rates and suggesting that as a safe haven, and our general response was “why earn 4.5% if we can earn more than twice that?” While cash always has its place in people’s portfolios and balance sheets, it is our job to find better investments than money market funds. That dedication to finding better investments with significantly higher interest rates and short durations has had a tremendous positive impact on client portfolios.

As we look forward, we actually expect much of the same:

Inflation to continue to come down
The labor market to stay strong
Companies to continue to exceed analyst estimates for earnings
The Fed to continue to not know what year or place they are in

One important difference for markets now versus the last 15 years is that the Federal Reserve’s interest rates are now relatively high. Since the financial crisis, the only stimulative measure the Fed could take was quantitative easing, or QE, since interest rates were at zero. Now that interest rates are over 5%, should the economy faulter, the Fed has plenty of room to cut interest rates, helping to slow any declines in stocks and give a boost to bonds.

So, what could go wrong? While we still think there are potential cracks in the banking system and commercial real estate, we feel most of those risks have plenty of focus and should be able to be managed without causing a crisis. The real thing that goes bump in the night for us is concern over the relationship of China and the West. This will certainly add some volatility to markets, and this should remind everyone that a disciplined process is key in an environment with so many unknowns.

But worry not, it is our job to stay up late contemplating all the risks in the world, to your investments, and your overall financial plan. If you have questions, we want to hear them. As always, we will continue to send updates both on a mass level like this note and a personal level to those we work with and help invest for.

In the meantime, enjoy your summer, and congratulations to all the graduates this year!

Bobby, Jordan, and the Green Ridge Wealth Planning Team

Green Ridge Wealth Planning is an SEC registered investment adviser. The information presented is for educational purposes only. The information does not intend to make an offer or solicitation for the sale or purchase of any specific securities, investments, or investment strategies. Investments involve risk and are not guaranteed. Green Ridge Wealth Planning has reasonable belief that this marketing does not include any false or material misleading statements or omissions of facts regarding services, investment, or client experience. FIRM NAME has reasonable belief that the content as a whole will not cause an untrue or misleading implication regarding the adviser’s services, investments, or client experiences. Please refer to the adviser’s ADV Part 2A for material risks disclosures. Past performance of specific investment advice should not be relied upon without knowledge of certain circumstances of market events, nature and timing of the investments and relevant constraints of the investment. Green Ridge Wealth Planning has presented information in a fair and balanced manner. Green Ridge Wealth Planning is not giving tax, legal or accounting advice, consult a professional tax or legal representative if needed.

Executive Assistant

Green Ridge Wealth Planning

Montville, NJ

Green Ridge Wealth Planning is an independent financial planning and business consulting firm of licensed fiduciaries who work keeping our client’s best interests in mind to help guide them toward making the right financial decisions so they can reach their life goals. We advise in investments, taxes, property, retirement plans, loans, budgeting, estate planning, and wealth accumulation strategies but do not sell investment products. We also consult business owners to assist in creating a self-managed business. Clients who join the GRWP family receive white glove service.

Job Description:

We are seeking a full-time, seasoned, and detail-oriented Executive Assistant to support our CEO/Franchisee, CIO, and other members of our team. Ideally, someone who has an entrepreneurial spirit, is forward-thinking, and thrives in a fast paced, constantly evolving work environment.

Strategically manage the CEO/Franchisee and CIO’s schedules
Manage, coordinate, and follow up on complex calendars that require flexibility
Provide high quality administrative support while anticipating needs of upper management
Assist with company marketing needs
Project a professional and supportive image to clients always
Act as a liaison between owners and clients, corresponding by both phone and email
Be willing to travel locally when needed

Requirements:

College degree or 4+ years of Executive Assistant experience
Be a team player

Salary and Benefits

Competitive base salary
Paid time off after 6 months
401K with employer match after 9 months
A great mentoring program

April Commentary

Cash Management: How to Make the Most of your Savings in the Current Environment

It is no secret that the stock market has experienced a great deal of volatility since the start of 2022. The declines we have seen in the markets recently have created an appealing opportunity set among both equity and fixed income securities. With prominent indexes like the S&P 500, NASDAQ, and Barclays Aggregate Bond Index all trading at significant discounts compared to where they were in late 2021, we think it is a great time to be invested to capitalize on potential upside. However, the current environment has also made investors rethink how they are treating excess savings with the reemergence of attractive rates among Money Market Funds, Certificates of Deposit, and Treasury Bills.

One of the largest headwinds we have been facing in the economy over the last 18 months is an abnormally high and stubborn inflation number that has eaten away at consumers purchasing power. This has forced the Federal Reserve to react by increasing interest rates, thereby slowing the economy and inflation. A positive byproduct of these rate raises is a market that is now rewarding investors for lending out their money. By utilizing vehicles such as Money Market Funds, CDs, and Treasury Bills, investors can earn annual interest in excess of 4% without experiencing the volatility of the equity market.

The chart above demonstrates how the federal funds rate has changed over the last 1 year. After the most recent .25% rate hike this month, the federal funds rate sits just below 5%. The cash management vehicles discussed above such as Money Market Funds, CDs, and Treasury Bills tend to have yields in the same ballpark as the federal funds rate.

While moving funds out of equities or high yielding fixed income instruments into these traditionally safer vehicles is not generally advisable after a downturn, it has become an attractive opportunity for investors with cash stockpiled in low interest bank accounts that are looking to avoid the volatility of the market. This approach to cash management when utilized on savings in excess of 3-6 months of living expenses can be a great way to earn some interest on funds that are sitting on the sideline.

Structured Notes

For those willing to take on a bit more risk in their cash management strategy, structured note products can be utilized or combined with the vehicles outlined above to achieve a higher overall yield. Creating a combination of notes and treasury like securities can be another great way to earn competitive returns on cash that would otherwise be earning very little in a bank account. Equities remain the space with the highest overall return potential, especially after the downturn we have experienced, but there are now other ways to take advantage of the current environment.

Feel free to reach out to our team if you have any questions about cash management or investments in general.